Ferdinand hitter von mannlicher



(N0 Model.) I e Sheets-Sheet 1'.

FERDINAND BITTER VON MANNLIGHER.

AUTOMATIC FIREARM. T

No. 581,296. Patented Apr. 27, 1897.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR: Ferd.Rilt.v. Mannlicher (No Model.) 6 Sheets'Shee t-2. FERDINAND BITTER VON MANNLICHE R.

AUTOMATIC FIREARM,

Patented Apr. 27, 1897.-

INVENTOR Ferd. Ritt. v. Mannlicher JATTOR Y.

6 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

FERDINAND RITTER VON MANNLICHER.

AUTOMATIC FIREARM.

No. 581,296. Patented Apr. 27, 1897.

INVENTOR:

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6 Sheets--Shee{; 4. I ERDINAN D RITTER VON MANNLIG HER.

(No Model.)

AUTOMATIC FIREARM.

Patented Apr. 27, 1897.

WITNESSES:

6 Sheets-Sheet 5.

(No Model.)

FERDINAND BITTER VON MANNLIGHER.

AUTOMATIC FIREARM.

No. 581,296. Patentd Apr. 27, 1897.

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44/1/11 Fill/45!!! ll1/1llllllllllllllllw /rIIIII/lII/l/lf/Il/l/l/l/l/ R INVENTOR: f V Ferd. RitLv. Mannlicher byQWfi, ATTOR EY.

(No Model.) a Sheets-Shet 6.

FERDINAND :mTT-BR VON mmucnm AUTOMATIC FIREARM.

No. 581,296. Patentgd Apr. 27, 1897.

WITNESSES. INVENTOR;

VA. #QJWW I Ferd. R.v. Manhlic her M ag ATTORNEY.

UNITED STATES FERDINAND BITTER VON ANNLICHER, OFWI'EN A, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY- ;PATENT OFFI E.

AUTOMATIC- |=|m-iriruvl.v

SPECIFICATION forming 'part of Letters Patent naeeneee, dated A ri 27 1897. A li atio 51 March 4, 1896. Seri l No. 540.656. or; model.) Patented iii Austria .Tn1 .8, .1394, HQ, 4472,9111; i G

many September 19, 1894,'No. 81,020; in France September 22,1894. 110,235,948 in Belgium Se tember 24, 1894,1111.

111,991; in Switzerland September 26, 1894, No. 9.338; in England September 26, 1894, No, 18,281 inItaly November 22; 1894, xxrx, 87,688, txxrx, 54; in Hungary November 24gil89fitllo. 4,593, and in Sweden Deoembe'r 31,1994, No.

To all whom it may concern..-

Be it known that I, FERDINnND BITTER VON 'MANNLICHER, a subject of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, and a resident of the city 5' of Vienna, Austria-Hungary, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Automatic Firearms, (patents for which have been granted to me in Austria July 3, 1894, No. 44 2,911 in HungaryNovember 24,1895, to No. 4,593; in Germany September 19, 1894,No., 81,020; in France September. 22, 1894, No. 235,943; in Belgium September 24, 1894, No. 111,991; in Italy November'22, 1894, XXIX, 37,688, LXXIX, 54; in Switzerland September a 5 25, 1894, No. 9,333; in Great Britain Septem- 4 her 26, 1894, No. 18,281, and in Sweden December 31, 1894, No. 7,118,) of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of auto-- 2'0 matic firearms in which the barrel, which rests against a rigid tail or butt plate, is thrown forward by the action of the projectile at the firing of a shot and driven back again against the tail or butt plate by a spring.

In the ,annexed drawings a pistol'ofthis kind is shown, of which 4 Figure 1 is a side elevation from the left.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal central section with the magazine omitted, s owing the internal 3e mechanism in elevation. Fig. '3 is a similar View including the magazine, but with the barrel in its forward position after firing. Fig. 4 is a View similar to Fig. 3, but withthe parts in the opposite extreme. Fig. 5 is a view taken on the line a b of Fig. 4, looking to the rearward, but with the barrel omitted. Fig. 6 is a horizontal sectio'n through the axis of the barrel, the mechanism at rest. :Fig. 7 is a similar section of the pistol, showing the .40 position of the mechanism at the momentof ejecting a cartridge-shell. Figs. 8, 8, and 8 are longitudinal vertical sections, on a somewhat enlarged scale, through the rear p'art of the pistol on the line of axis of the barrel,

showing the head of the ejecting-slide in its three principal positions. Fig. 9 shows,,,by way of example, a side elevation of a'car tridge holding and charging clasp suited for In all-figures similar letters of reference ing dica'te like parts. p I

The mechanisprof this pistol is, the same as in a revolver, inclosed in a frame K, which also forms the butt and which carries the receiver G. At the side this frame is closed bya cover or plate I), to which is attached .the magazine M, so that both may be taken 01f together. The barrel L is guided partlyin there- .being used with this pistol. Fig. 10shows 1 ceiver G and partly in a tube; R, Whichis screwed to the forward'end of the receiver. Tube R contains the spring F for driving the barrel rearward and is provided with a suit;-

a le shoulder or stop on its inside, as indicated in he drawings, to limit and arrest the forward mo ment of the barrel. The receiver G is close at its rear endby the breech ortail plate against which rests the end of the barrel, in its closed position, under the pressure of the spring F.

The construction of the lock of this pistol is exactly the same as that of a revolver with but one slightdifferen'ce conditioned bythe operation of the barrel, The frame of the lock must be of such depth that the firing mechanism will find. place at the side of the magazine, which, as attached to the cover D, occupies a central position in the frame. The

same as in revolvers, the hammer H maybe,

cocked by along steady pull upon the trig ger, at the end of which pull it is released automatically-and its point strikes forward through the breech-plate S. For deliberate aiming the hammer may also becooked by .hand the same as in a revolver, similar to.

which the hammer also springs back when the trigger is released. v 3 I The principal parts of the lock are the hammer H, with the link is, the mainspring' N, the trigger Z, with the sear m, and the lever P, with thespring '2'. All the parts of the lock being'known, with 'the exception of the 55 ceiver G.

5 to prevent an accidental discharge of the piece; second, to arrest the barrel in its forward open position, after the firing of a shot, until theftrigger has beenreleased, thereby giving time for a second cartridge to rise from the magazine and take up its position behind the barrel; third, to keep the barrel in its open position while the magazine'is being recharged. These operations areperformed in the following manner:-

The beak p of the forward arm of the lever Pis pressed against the under side of the barrel L as this slides backward and forward by the spring 1'. rel is provided with two notches or rests land 'Z', of which the former is about twice as deep as the latterand forms an incline. The end 10' of the other opposite arm of the lever P stands in juxtaposition to a projection i of the hammer H, so as to prevent the latter. from striking forward again'sta cartridge in all positions except when the beak p of the lever P has entered the deeper rest l in the barrel. As the shotis fired the barrel is carried forward, and in sliding over the beakp o depresses this forward arm of thelever P by the incline formed by the notch Z. The other oppositearm being thereby raised corrc spondingly,-its end 10 operates upon the projectioniofztlie hammer and swrirrgs this latter back a,c'ertain part of its way. When thebarrel j has nearly completed its forward movement,

th'e'heak 19 springs into the other rest Z in the barrel, whereby this latter is arrested ina forward position. The stop 'or shoulder in 40 the guide-tube R, which limits the forward course of the barrel,is situated somewhat farther forward than the position of the barrel as conditioned by the engaging of the beak pin the rest 1, so that at the firing of a shot '45 the barrel will be thrown first slightly beyond this point of rest and will be arrested 'on its way back under theinfiuence 'of.its

.spring F by the beak p. The object of this will be explained farther on. The spring r,

which operates the lever P, may be inserted from the outside,.as shown in thedrawings, and its head 1". may spring into a notch in the fend of the tube B, so as to prevent! this latter from turning upon the end of the u re- As long as the barrel is in its forward position the forward arm of the ever P, engaged in the rest Z of the barrel, is sufficiently do? pressed, and in consequence the end 1) of ii '60 the-other arm of the lever P sufficiently elevated to prevent the hammer from "protruding with. its striking-point through the opening in the breech-plate S, as has already been described. The barrel remains in its forward position as long as the trigger is kept pulled =plate S by its spring. very rapid movements the arresting of the barrel in a forward position is necessary in during which time the barrel is arrested in At this under side the bar-- hub, with which it is provided, strikes against a nose p" of lever P, whereby the beak p is lowered out of the rest Z and the barrel is liberated to be driven back against breech- In consequence of its order to'permit the rising of a fresh cartridge from the magazine. short interval of time between the final pressing of the trigger and the releasing thereof,

its forward position. If the barrel is opened by hand by pushing it forward by'meansof This takes place in the.

its thumb-piece 0, the hammer being also cooked by hand, it is evident'that the beak p of the lever P can freely drop into the rest 1 in the barrel, the shoulder z of the trigger in this case not being in a position to operate against the nose pf ofi'the lever P, for the reason that, the same as-in any self and hand cocking firearm, the cooking of the hammer by hand will thro back the trigger somewhat, so as to bring the trigger-shoulders out of co tact with the nose p of the lever P. When th barrel has been opened by hand and is thus arrested, the magazine may be charged either with single cartridges or, by preference, by means of a charging-clasp, as shown in Fig. 9. l

, The magazine itself being of the wellknown construction, a descriptionthereof appears superfluous. J For charging the magazin'e'the breech plalt 'si'sprovided with two vertical grooves a: scfmtowhich fits the charging-clasp, Fig. 9. In the' upper'part of the breecheplate S is fitted aswinging stop-arm t, which is pressed by a spring a and'the head t' of which is straight at the bottom, but slanting at the top' part, so that when a cartridge-clasp or a single cartridge is pushed downward in-the breech-plate S it will press against the upper slanting part of the head t, and thereby causathe arm t to swing inward againstth'e plate S.- In this depressed position the armt will permit the passage-of a cartridge or of cartridges into the magazine below. Assoon, however, asthey have passed the head 25 this latter will spring forward again and will prevent the topmost cartridge from being raised any higher by the feeder than just in line with the bore of the barrel. Thus when the barrel returns from its forward into its closed position it will slide over and receive the topmost cartridge in its cham so that a cartridge may freely pass with its rim between them.

Supposing the magazine charged and the barrel to be in-its rearmost closed'position, containing a cartridge, the firing of this cartridge will drive the barrel forward and will forward part b of said guide-groove is deeper than the rear part b, and at the endof the deeper part b, where the shallower-part b commences, there is a recess b"in the-barrel, still somewhat deeper than the deeper part b of the groove.

' The forward end of the slide a isprovided with a head-a, which fits into-the said recess b and which is of such thickness that it will stand flush with the surface of the barrel when it rests in said recess b". When at rest, the barrel being closed, the slide a occupies the position shown in Fig. 6, the position of its head a being that shown enlargedin Fig. 8. Here head a is situated at the end of groove b and with its projecting part'rests in a recess 0 in the side of the receiver G. When the barrel moves forward, the slide a remains in the position just indicated until the deeper groove b has assed over its head a when the latter is struck by the forward edge of the shallower groove b, as indicated in Fig. 8".

The forward end of the recess 0 in the receiver forming an inclined surface, corresponding to which the lower forward edge of the head a is chamfered, itfollows that as the slide a is now carried along with the barrel head a will be pressed inwardflse as to enter the recess 1). The forward movement of the barrel still continuing, the slide a will still be carried along until its head a. has. en,- tered' the tube R and arrives in the position shown in Fig. 7 and enlarged in 'Fig. 8". By this length of way, by which the slide a iscarried forward and which is about equiva lent to the length of the head a, the barrel'is permitted to move forward beyond the point at which it will be arrested by the beak of the lever P engaging in th rest Z. Immediately upon arriving at its stop'in the tube R, however, the barrel is driven back by its spring F and is now arrestedin this open pow sition by the beak p, as has aliggady been described and shown in Fig. 3. y this short return movement of the barrel the heada', and with it the slide a, has been carried back again into its original position. The described forward movement of. the slide a, as caused by the barrel, being a very rapid one, it follows that the cartrid e-shell, the rim of which rests in the groove w of the slide a, will be" ejected, as indicated in Fig. 7. The slide a having returned with the barrel its head a has again entered the recess 0 in the receiver and the groove 00 has again taken its position op- ...'ection e on the receiver.

. magazine and 7 take" up its position-between the saidtwo'grooves. ,When the trigger is now released, -so that it can swingforward, the beak p disengages the barrel, which is nowdriven back by'its spring .F'overthe'cartridge, -held inposition by the grooves 00' 00'. andby the head i of the stop-arm t. When the hammer is now cooked, the pistol is ready for the next shot. In order .to insurea correct rectilinear movement of the barrel, this may be provided with a groove 4; opposite to the groove b b', into which fits a guiding pr0-' Instead of: the magazine M shown'in' the drawings any other magazine may be employed with this pistol. I The free space at the one side of, the magazine M may 'alsobe utilized for enlarging themagazine, as shown in Fig. 10, so that it will hold 'a greater number of.cartridge s. 4 s What I claim. isv '1. In automatic firearms in whichthe sliding barrel is carried forward by the force of the projectile and driven back against a rigid tail-plate by a spring, the combination with the sliding barrel L, having a restl, of'a lever P adapted to arrest the barrel in its for-. ward, 'op'en'p'osition. a v

n 2. In automatic firearms in which the sliding barrel is pressed against a rigid tail-plate.

bya spring, the combination with the sliding.

barrel L, having-a rest Z and 'a deeper rest I, of aspi ing-operated lever P, having a beak fp adapted to engage alternately into the rest 1 and the rest Z of the barrel and janarm '10 adapted to operate against a projection & of the hammer; substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

ing ba rel is pressed'against'a rigid tail-plate by a sp ing, the combination with the sliding barrel L, aving a rest I and a deeper rest I, of a sprin op'erated lever P, having abeak-- adapted the engage alternately, into the rest "l andthe restl of the'barreh'and having an arm 10, ada'ptedto operateTagainst a projection 71 of the hammer, and a nose p and of a spring=operated trigger "Z having a shoultridges into the magazine underneath, but to prevent the rising of a cartridge from-the 'magazine any higher than in-line with the v I 5 3. In automatic firearms in which-the slid-.

trio

- arm '23, adapted to permit the passageof car---- chamber of the. barrel; 'substantiallyas set forth. 5. In automatic firearms in which the sliding barrel is carried for-Wardby the force of the projectile and driven back'against a rigid tail-plate by-a spring, the combination with the sliding barrel L, having a groove '1), bof variable depth'and 'a recess b", of a slide a,

Operated by the sliding barrel and provided slide a, substantially as and for the purpose at its forward part'with a, head af adapted to set forth. J 10 slide in the part b of said groove 6, b and to In testimony whereof Ihave afiixed my sigenter into the recess 1)", and in its rear part nature in presence of two Witnesses.

with a groove 00' adapted to receive the rim of FERDINAND RITTER VON MANN LICIIER. a cartridge, of a stationary groove 00" oppo- Witnesses site to said groove 00, and of a recess 0 in the HARRY BELMONT,

receiver adaptedto receive the'heed a of said J OSEF ZEHETNER. 

